Indonesia, the world’s largest archipelagic nation, stands at the forefront of maritime innovation as it balances rapid economic growth with environmental sustainability. With over 17,000 islands and a coastline stretching 54,716 km, the country’s marine sector is crucial to its economy, ecology, and global trade. Meanwhile, the international maritime industry is undergoing transformative challenges, from reducing carbon emissions to adapting to climate change. For marine engineering consultants, this presents an unprecedented opportunity to deliver solutions aligned with Indonesia’s priorities and global trends.
What Can Be Done in the Marine Sector?
Eco-Friendly Shipping and Decarbonization
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) aims to cut greenhouse gas emissions from shipping by 50% by 2050. With 90% of global trade relying on shipping, the demand for cleaner fuels (e.g., LNG, hydrogen, and ammonia) and energy-efficient ship designs is increasing.
As a key hub for shipping routes such as the Malacca Strait and Lombok Strait, Indonesia is uniquely positioned to lead the green transition in Southeast Asia. The government has pledged to reduce carbon emissions by 31.89% by 2030, with the maritime sector playing a crucial role.
Fleet modernization is essential, involving retrofitting existing vessels with technologies like scrubbers, ballast water treatment systems, and hybrid engines to improve efficiency and reduce emissions. Additionally, adopting alternative fuels requires the development of supporting infrastructure, such as LNG refueling stations at strategic ports like Tanjung Priok in Jakarta and Surabaya. Digital transformation should also be implemented, utilizing AI-based route optimization systems to lower fuel consumption and enhance overall operational efficiency.
Sustainable Port Infrastructure: Building Climate-Resilient Hubs
Ports worldwide, particularly in developed and strategic nations, have begun integrating smart infrastructure and climate-resilient solutions to enhance operational efficiency and anticipate the impacts of climate change.
Rising sea levels and extreme weather events necessitate innovative solutions such as elevated terminals, green breakwaters, and solar-powered operations.
Patimban Port, Subang Regency, West Java
To achieve sustainable ports, various engineering solutions have been implemented. One approach is mangrove-based erosion control, which integrates natural barriers with traditional breakwaters to protect coastlines. Additionally, renewable energy integration is being adopted through solar panel installations and tidal energy systems to power port operations. Cargo handling is also optimized with AI-driven technology, reducing emissions and delays in logistics processes.
Offshore Renewable Energy: Harnessing Indonesia’s Blue Economy
Offshore wind, tidal, and wave energy projects are rapidly expanding worldwide. Europe leads with 25 GW of offshore wind capacity, while Southeast Asia is catching up, driven by countries like Vietnam and the Philippines.
Indonesia has over 300 potential locations for offshore wind farms, particularly in the Java Sea and Sulawesi. The government targets 23% renewable energy by 2025, yet less than 12% of its 400 GW renewable potential has been utilized.
Several engineering innovations are being developed to support energy sustainability and environmental conservation. Floating wind turbines are ideal for Indonesia’s coastal waters, while hybrid energy systems combine offshore wind with solar or tidal energy to provide consistent output. Additionally, coral reef restoration is integrated into these initiatives, where renewable projects incorporate marine biodiversity conservation efforts, such as creating artificial reefs beneath turbine platforms.
Tackling Marine Pollution: Engineering Solutions for a Cleaner Ocean
Marine pollution is a dual challenge for Indonesia and the world. As the second-largest contributor to ocean plastic waste, Indonesia dumps approximately 600,000 tons of plastic waste into the sea annually.
Marine engineers play a critical role in addressing this crisis by deploying AI-guided smart waste-collecting vessels to clean rivers before plastic reaches the ocean. These efforts are further strengthened by the design of eco-friendly ships equipped with non-toxic antifouling coatings, protecting marine ecosystems while ensuring sustainable maritime operations.
These are some of the key strategies that can support the green transition in marine engineering. A holistic approach not only enhances operational efficiency but also contributes to long-term sustainability, supports climate change adaptation, and ensures that marine resources remain preserved for future generations.
